Maybe there's this crazy fanatic group who devote their lives trying to stop things like what's happening to the diseased people. Perhaps they think this 'experiment' that the scientists are doing is on real people or something and they want to stop it. So they send someone in, undercover, and he learns what's really happening and gets tapes, pictures, audio. That kind of thing. He gets out and puts all the proof as a big story on the news, so the scientists have to set the diseased free. (For lack of a better name, love)
All my ideas think way to far ahead into the romance area. Sorry. I can't help it. Your main character is going to be female, right. When she gets released into 'society' and begins to learn all human emotions and feelings, what if the undercover guy comes in and tries to help her because he is part of that group that tries to help. But he gets attached to her and her to him.

Just a sub-plot.
As for what might happen when she gets released. Most effects will be due to her age. How old is your character supposed to be? Cause adults treat adults different and teenagers treat teenagers different. So an age would help me think of what might happen to her while she's in society.
Maybe for the older diseased, adult aged, they are treated unfairly because they've had a long life but no schooling so they have to be cared for more than the younger ones. Maybe this makes other adults jealous because the diseased adults get to have easier jobs to help them get by and they also get homes provided for them and schooling paid for. That sort of thing.
For teenagers it's different since they are not adults yet. They get to start school and have a few years to learn what will takes the adults longer to learn. Because the teenagers are what they are they're also teased and made fun of by other kids.
For young children they'll have it easiest, I'm sure they'd still be picked on but the longer they have to learn the easier it will be for them in the future.
You say maybe you want a disease to break out. Perhaps the scientists are trying to find different ways to cure diseases now that they can't have the test tube people anymore. What if they create a virus but the virus can't be contained and it begins to spread. Instead of accepting blame for creating the virus they somehow make it seem like it was the diseased who do it. Like because of all the tests done on them they somehow emit this virus. There is not much people can do though because the virius is bad and only the diseased are immune to it. So many of the diseased get together, those who are overly-intelligent, and they try to find a cure for the virus and end up saving the day.
In the end the scientist admit to their fault and they're shut down completely.
Those are the first things that popped into my head, maybe I'll have more later. You never know.